The  Christian  and 

Missionary  Alliance 


Foreign  Department 


Principles  and  Rules 
(Revised  1917) 


Headquarter* 

New  York  City 


690  Eighth  Avenue 


Revised  January  1917,  as  per  instructions, 
by  a  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Managers, 
and  awaiting  final  confirmation  by  General 
Council  in  May  1917 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2018  with  funding  from 
Columbia  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/foreigndepartmenOOchri 


The  Christian  and 

Missionary  Alliance 


Foreign  Department 

Principles  and  Rules 


(Revised  1917) 


Headquarters 


690  Eighth  Avenue 


New  York  City 


* 


i 

I 

■ 


OFFICERS  OF 


The  Christian  and 

Missionary  Alliance 

Headquarters. 

690  Eighth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 
Telephone  Bryant  1943.  Cable  Address  “Parousia.” 


List  of  Officers,  January  i,  1917. 

President:  Rev.  A.  B.  Simpson,  692  Eighth  Ave¬ 
nue,  New  York  City. 

Vice-President:  Ulysses  Lewis. 

Honorary  Vice-Presidents:  John  Salmon,  M.  B. 
Fuller,  George  S.  Montgomery,  O.  E.  Mal¬ 
lory,  A.  D.  Jackson,  John  McGahie,  J.  E.  Ram- 
seyer,  W.  E.  Blackstone,  James  L.  Reber,  F.  W. 
Flint,  C.  A.  Blanchard,  E.  D.  Whiteside,  Reuben 
Harvey,  Paul  Rader. 

General  Secretary:  Rev.  W.  M.  Turnbull. 

Recording  Secretary:  F.  L.  Groff. 

Treasurer:  David  Crear. 


Board  of  Managers. 


Rev.  A.  B.  Simpson,  President;  Mr.  David  Crear, 
Mrs.  A.  B.  Simpson,  Rev.  F.  H.  Senft,  Rev.  G. 
Verner  Brown,  Mr.  F.  L.  Groff,  Rev.  R.  H.  Glover, 
Rev.  J.  E.  Jaderquist,  Rev.  J.  D.  Williams,  Rev. 

E.  J.  Richards,  Rev.  Wm.  T.  MacArthur,  Mr. 
Ulysses  Lewis,  Rev.  A.  E.  Funk,  Rev.  E.  D.  White- 
side,  Rev.  W.  M.  Turnbull. 

Special  Departments  of  Administration. 

1.  Finance  Department:  David  Crear,  Treasurer; 

F.  L.  Groff,  Secretary. 

2.  Home  Department :  Rev.  E.  J.  Richards,  Sec¬ 
retary. 

3.  Foreign  Department :  Rev.  R.  H.  Glover,  Sec¬ 
retary. 

4.  Publication  Department;  Rev.  J.  E.  Jaderquist, 
Secretary. 

5.  Educational  Department;  Rev.  W.  xvi.  Turnbull, 
Secretary. 


The  Christian  and 

Missionary  Alliance 

Foreign  Department 

PRINCIPLES  AND  RULES 

- - 

MISSIONARY  CANDIDATES. 

The  workers  whom  the  Christian  and 
Missionary  Alliance  sends  forth  shall  in¬ 
clude  persons  of  both  sexes,  without  regard 
to  their  denominational  preferences. 

I.  QUALIFICATIONS. 

The  essential  qualifications  of  applicants 
for  appointment  as  missionaries  include  the 
following : 

I.  Physical  Health  and  Vigor. 

Only  persons  with  good  health  and  strong 
constitution  can  endure  the  unavoidable 
hardships  of  missionary  life  and  withstand 
the  trying  climate  of  most  foreign  fields. 
Persons  who  have  been  healed,  and  who 
claim  to  be  depending  on  the  Lord  for  phy- 


6 


sical  strength,  should  manifest  a  real  sound¬ 
ness  of  body.  Any  form  of  disease  latent 
in  the  system  is  very  liable  to  be  developed 
by  the  trying  climatic  conditions  and  the 
necessary  exposures  of  missionary  life. 

Applicants  will  be  expected,  when  re¬ 
quested,  to  furnish  medical  certificates  of 
good  health. 

2.  Vital  Christian  Experience. 

Applicants  should  have  been  genuinely 
converted,  and  should  possess  a  vital  re¬ 
ligious  experience.  They  should  give  clear 
evidence  by  their  lives  of  being  wholly  con¬ 
secrated  to  God,  and  of  having  definitely  re¬ 
ceived  the  infilling  of  the  Holy  Spirit  and 
His  enduenient  of  power  for  service. 

3.  Soundness  of  Faith. 

Applicants  must  be  in  fullest  accord  with 
evangelical  truth,  and  arc  expected,  with¬ 
out  reservation  or  equivocation,  to  be  able 
to  subscribe  to  the  following  declaration : 

“I  believe  in  God  the  Father,  Son  .and 
Holy  Spirit;  in  the  verbal  inspiration  of  the 
Holy  Scriptures  as  originally  given,  and 
their  divine  authority;  in  the  deity  and  vi- 


7 

carious  atonement  of  Jesus  Christ;  in  the 
eternal  salvation  of  all  who  believe  in  Him, 
and  the  everlasting-  punishment  of  all  who 
reject  Him.” 

If  conscious  that  their  views  materially 
differ  in  any  important  point  from  those 
usually  held  by  evangelical  Christians, 
they  are  expected  candidly  so  to  state. 
Should  their  views  on  any  of  the  above- 
mentioned  points  become  changed  at  any 
time  after  their  acceptance  as  missionaries, 
they  must  inform  the  Executive  Committee 
on  the  field  of  the  change,  and  be  prepared, 
if  requested,  to  resign  their  official  connec¬ 
tion  with  the  Society. 

4.  Thorough  Bible  Knowledge. 

Applicants  should  have  a  thorough  knowl¬ 
edge  of  the  Word  of  God.  In  addition  to 
being  sound  in  doctrine,  they  must  have 
such  a  firm  and  comprehensive  grasp'  of 
divine  truths  as  to  be  able  to  impart  these 
to  others ;  for  the  missionary  is  essentially 
a  teacher.  To  this  end,  as  well  as  for  the  pur¬ 
pose  of  affording  opportunity  to  the  Board 
of  becoming  better  acquainted  with  candi- 


8 


dates,  and  of  affording  candidates  an  oppor¬ 
tunity  of  coming  into  closer  touch  with  the 
work  and  workers  of  the  Society,  and  be¬ 
coming  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  special 
lines  of‘  truth  for  which  it  pre-eminently 
stands,  applicants  are  usually  required  to 
attend  the  Missionary  Institute  at  Nyack, 
N.  Y.,  for  either  a  full  or  partial  course,  as 
may  be  found  desirable. 

5.  Experience  in  Christian  Work. 

Essential  as  are  vital  piety  and  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  the  Word,  these  can  never 
supply  the  lack  of  practical  experience  in 
Christian  work.  Every  missionary  should 
have  been  a  successful  j^ersonal  worker  at 
home.  He  should  be  a  master  workman  in 
the  divine  art  of  soul-winning.  While  ex¬ 
perience  in  individual  work  for  Christ  is  so 
necessary,  it  is  also  expected  that  applicants 
should  have  been  connected  with  some 
form  of  organized  effort  for  the  salvation 
of  souls.  One  of  the  best  equipments  for 
successful  missionary  labor  is  leadership  of 
an  Alliance  Branch,  training  in  rescue  work, 
city  missions,  tent  work,  or  experience 


9 

in  any  other  form  of  evangelistic  effort. 

6.  Heroic  Missionary  Spirit. 

Candidates  must  count  the  cost  of  offer¬ 
ing  themselves  for  missionary  service. 
They  must  be  prepared  for  a  life  of  priva¬ 
tion,  of  toil,  of  loneliness,  of  danger,  some¬ 
times  far  away  from  the  comforts  and  ad¬ 
vantages  of  civilized  society  and  protection. 
They  will  at  times  have  to  endure  being 
looked  down  upon  by  their  own  country¬ 
men  and  being  treated  with  contempt  and 
injustice  by  native  officials  and  people. 
They  will  require  to  trust  God  to  meet  their 
needs  of  spirit,  soul  and  body.  But  if  faith¬ 
ful  and  trustful,  they  will  find  in  Christ  and 
His  Word  a  fulness,  a  sweetness,  a  pre¬ 
ciousness,  a  joy  and  strength,  that  will  far 
outweigh  all  that  they  may  have  sacrificed 
for  Him. 

The  question  of  resorting  to  medical  aid 
and  remedies  in  sickness  is  left  to  the  dis¬ 
cretion  of  each  missionary. 

11.  MODE  OF  APPLICATION. 

Candidates  are  expected  to  satisfy  them¬ 
selves  as  to  the  principles  and  rules  of  the 


lO 


Society  by  a  careful  reading  of  its  published 
Manual,  and  not  to  offer  themselves  unless 
they  cordially  approve  of  these  and  heartily 
purpose  to  carry  them  out. 

Applications  should  be  made  through  the 
Foreign  Secretary  upon  the  printed  form 
provided  for  this  purpose,  which  will  be 
sent  on  request,  together  with  a  copy  of 
the  Manual  of  Principles  and  Rules. 

The  Foreign  Secretary  will  duly  present 
the  applications  to  the  Board,  and  arrange 
for  such  meetings  with  candidates  as  may 
be  deemed  necessary  for  examination  and 
consultation. 

Applicants  on  the  mission  fields  will  be 
examined  by  the  Executive  Committee  in 
charge,  and  this  Committee  will  at  its  dis¬ 
cretion  refer  these  applications  to  the  Board 
at  home  with  recommendation. 

III.  FORM  OF  AGREEMENT. 

Accepted  candidates  are  required,  before 
leaving  for  the  field,  to  sign  an  agreement 
stating  that  they  cordially  approve  of  the 
principles  and  practice  of  the  Society  and 
heartily  desire  to  carry  out  the  same,  with 


II 


such  further  stipulations  as  may  be  deemed 
necessary  in  each  particular  case. 

The  usual  form  of  agreement  to  be  sub¬ 
scribed  to  is  as  follows ; 

“We,  the  undersigned  accepted  mission¬ 
aries  of  the  Christian  and  Missionary  Al¬ 
liance,  under  appointment  of  the  Board, 
through  the  solemn  call  of  God  and  the  ac¬ 
ceptance  of  our  brethren,  and  about  to  pro¬ 
ceed  to  our  respective  fields,  do  hereby  ex¬ 
press  our  cordial  and  entire  agreement  with 
all  the  principles  of  the  Christian  and  Mis¬ 
sionary  Alliance  as  expressed  in  its  pub¬ 
lished  Constitution  and  Manual  of  Prin¬ 
ciples  and  Rules,  our  perfect  harmony  of 
spirit  with  the  work  and  workers,  our  joy¬ 
fulness  at  being  permitted  to  endure  hard¬ 
ship  and  self-denial,  and  to  engage  in  lov¬ 
ing  service  for  our  dear  Lord  and  a  lost 
world,  our  willingness  to  submit  ourselves 
to  the  oversight  and  direction  of  the  authori¬ 
ties  of  the  Society  at  home  and  on  the  field, 
our  readiness  to  live  lives  of  dependence 
upon  the  Lord,  to  receive  with  thankfulness 
and  contentment  what  He  is  pleased  to  send 


12 


US  for  our  outfits,  transportation  and  sup¬ 
port,  and  to  trust  Him  for  all  our  needs, 
whether  they  shall  be  supplied  by  the  Board 
or  otherwise. 

“We  count  it  so  great  an  honor  and  priv¬ 
ilege  to  be  permitted  to  preach  the  Gospel  ; 
among  the  heathen,  that  all  considerations  ' 
of  personal  convenience  and  comfort  are  in¬ 
significant  in  comparison. 

“We  leave  for  our  fields  in  a  spirit  of 
true-hearted  loyalty  to  the  Master  and  the  j 
work  of  the  Christian  and  Missionary  Al-  j 
fiance  in  every  particular.  We  are  satisfied 
with  all  that  has  been  done  for  our  personal 
comfort  and  are  content  to  trust  God  for 
all  the  future.  We  solemnly  purpose  and  ; 
promise,  God  helping  us,  to  work  in  unity 
with  the  Board  and  all  the  missionaries, 
sacredly  avoiding  and  discountenancing  all  | 
criticism  and  evil  speaking,  mentioning  our 
grievances,  if  we  ever  have  any,  only  to  the 
Chairman  or  Committee  on  the  field  or  the 
Board  at  home,  and  if  we  can  no  longer 
work  in  such  accord,  we  shall  feel  it  our 
honorable  course  to  ask  to  be  released  from 


13 

the  work,  and  to  serve  the  Master  in  some 
other  connection.  We  go  to  our  field  with 
one  supreme  purpose — to  glorify  Christ,  to 
win  souls,  to  hasten  His  coming,  and  to 
trust  the  Master,  and  our  friends  through 
Him,  for  all  our  personal  needs. 

“We  shall  unite  in  praying  constantly  for 
the  work  and  the  workers,  and  for  the 
speedy  evangelization  of  the  world.” 

RESOURCES  AND  MEANS  OF 
SUPPORT. 

I.  The  Christian  and  Missionary  Alliance 
will  require  in  all  its  laborers  a  spirit  of 
absolute  reliance  upon  God  alone  for  sup¬ 
port.  No  fixed  salaries  are  guaranteed  to 
its  missionaries  after  reaching  their  fields, 
but  such  moderate  allowances  will  be  sent 
them  for  their  actual  expenses  and  needs  as 
the  funds  provided  from  the  voluntary  gifts 
of  God’s  people  shall  enable  the  Board  to 
supply  from  time  to  time. 

While  candidates,  therefore,  when  ap¬ 
proved,  may  be  assisted  in  their  outfits, 
may  have  their  passage  money  paid  for 
them,  and  may  be  supported  in  whole  or  in 


14 


j)art  by  the  funds  of  the  Society,  their  faith 
must  be  in  God,  and  their  expectation  from 
Him.  The  funds  might  fail,  or  the  Society 
might  cease  to  exist;  but  if  they  put  their 
trust  in  God,  He  will  never  fail  nor  disap¬ 
point  them. 

2.  In  looking  for  means  to  prosecute  this 
work,  the  Alliance  will  depend  entirely  upon 
the  promises  and  faithfulness  of  God, 
through  the  voluntary  gifts  of  His  people, 
as  He  may  dispose  them  to  contribute.  In 
addition  to  publishing  reports  of  the  work 
and  other  missionary  literature  from  time  to 
time,  well-matured  plans  for  extending  the 
work  through  the  formation  of  local  auxili¬ 
aries  and  bands  and  the  conducting  of  con¬ 
ventions  and  deputational  tours  will  be 
inaugurated,  and  such  other  scriptural 
methods  as  may  be  found  practicable. 

3.  In  many  instances  the  support  of  mis¬ 
sionaries  on  the  field  is  pledged  and  under¬ 
taken  by  Alliance  Branches,  groups  or  indi¬ 
viduals  at  home.  The  amount  usually  stated 
for  a  missionary’s  support  covers  only  his 
or  her  personal  living  expenses,  and  does 


15 

not  include  any  of  the  many  other  expenses 
involved  in  carrying  on  the  work  of  the  mis¬ 
sion  stations  and  fields.  Supporters  at 
home  must  not  regard  the  missionaries 
whom  they  support  as  independent  repre¬ 
sentatives  under  their  control,  but  as  regular 
Alliance  missionaries  under  the  care  and  au¬ 
thority  of  the  Board,  the  supporters  thus 
standing  loyally  by  the  Board  in  con¬ 
tributing  toward  the  missionaries’  support. 
Notwithstanding  such  personal  relation¬ 
ships,  our  missionaries  are  expected  to  keep 
looking  to  God,  along  with  the  Board  and 
friends  at  home,  for  the  supply  of  all  needs, 
in  accordance  with  the  principles  of  the  Con¬ 
stitution.  They  must  realize  that  special 
channels  and  agencies  of  support  have  some¬ 
times  failed  in  the  past,  and  may  again  fail 
in  the  future,  in  which  event  the  Board  and 
missionaries  still  stand  together  in  faith  to¬ 
ward  God  for  the  supply  of  all  needs  from 
other  sources.  No  missionary  is  entitled  to 
regard  any  pledge  of  support  as  a  stated  sal¬ 
ary  guaranteed  to  him  or  her.  With  the  prin¬ 
ciples  of  support  thus  clearly  laid  down  and 


i6 

accepted,  there  can  be  no  question  of  claims 
upon  the  Society  for  full  allowances  or  the 
making  up  of  so-called  arrearages. 

Missionary  supporters  and  contributors 
should  unite  with  the  Board  in  regarding  all 
our  missionaries  on  the  field  as  one  family,  for 
whose  united  needs  we  stand  together  in  faith 
and  effort,  treating  all  with  the  same  loving 
and  faithful  consideration.  It  has  always 
been  considered  the  fairest  and  wisest  plan  to 
send  uniform  allowances  on  a  pro  rata  basis. 
These  allowances  are  appropriated  and  sent 
monthly  in  accordance  with  the  funds  received 
into  the  treasury. 

4.  The  problem  of  consistency  in  sending 
out  reinforcements,  in  view  of  the  continual 
need  for  the  support  of  the  existing  work  and 
workers,  has  engaged  the  long  and  prayerful 
attention  of  the  Board. 

As  a  result  the  general  rule  has  been  adopted 
of  conditioning  the  sending  forth  of  accepted 
candidates  upon  the  provision  of  funds  for 
their  outfits,  transportation,  and  at  least  one 
year’s  support,  without  drawing  upon  the  gen¬ 
eral  treasury.  This  plan  has  the  added  merit 


17 


that  it  tends  to  throw  the  waiting  candidates 
upon  God  in  prayer  and  faith,  and  also  con¬ 
stitutes  a  test  of  God’s  approval  to  their  call 
and  the  time  of  departure  for  the  field.  It  is 
understood  that  contributions  for  the  sending 
out  of  new  missionaries  shall  not  draw  from 
the  already  established  channels  of  support, 
but  shall  come  from  separate  sources  or  be 
in  addition  to  the  usual  pledges  made  for  the 
work. 

5.  Missionaries  on  the  field  are  allowed  to 
receive  sums  of  money  from  private  sources 
not  exceeding  one  hundred  dollars  ($100)  an¬ 
nually  without  reporting  same  to  the  Board, 
but  all  amounts  exceeding  that  sum  in  the  ag¬ 
gregate  shall  be  reported  annually  to  the 
Board. 

6.  The  matter  of  the  presentation  by  mis¬ 
sionaries  of  particular  financial  needs  in  con¬ 
nection  with  their  field  and  work  engaged  the 
special  attention  of  the  Annual  Council  of 
1903,  with  the  result  that  resolutions  were 
adopted,  which  in  effect  read  as  follows  : 

“While  we  as  a  Society  standing  in  faith 
toward  God  for  the  supply  of  all  financial 


i8 


needs  do  not  desire  in  any  way  to  limit  the 
faith  of  individual  missionaries,  we  neverthe¬ 
less  feel  the  danger  of  missionaries  presenting 
to  the  Alliance  constituency  the  particular 
needs  of  their  own  work,  because  of  thereby 
diverting  funds  from  the  general  treasury,  and 
also  the  unfairness  because  of  the  fact  that 
some  missionaries  have  much  greater  oppor¬ 
tunities  of  appeal  than  others  whose  work  is 
quite  as  needy  and  worthy.  We  recommend, 
therefore,  that  the  Board  have  a  clear  under¬ 
standing  with  the  missionaries,  through  the 
Executive  Committees  on  the  field,  and  also 
with  the  missionaries  at  home  on  furlough, 
that  no  special  needs  shall  be  presented  with¬ 
out  the  consent  of  the  Board  having  been  ob¬ 
tained.  We  recommend  further  that  it  be  un¬ 
derstood  that  missionaries  at  home  shall  not 
ordinarily  receive  donations  for  the  work,  but 
shall  seek  to  arrange  for  the  sending  of  all 
missionary  funds  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  So¬ 
ciety.” 

In  the  subsequent  consideration  of  this  sub¬ 
ject  by  the  Board  of  Managers,  it  was  further 
resolved  that  it  is  to  be  understood  that  the 


19 

presentation  of  special  needs  is  not  to  be  al¬ 
lowed  to  divert  from  the  general  treasury  any 
ordinary  funds  pledged  by  friends  of  the  Alli- 
a'nce;  that  no  special  objects  shall  be  presented 
at  conventions  or  to  Alliance  companies  until 
after  the  regular  missionary  ofiferings  have 
been  received;  and  it  is  recommended  that 
where  pledges  for  special  objects  are  made  or 
paid  at  any  convention  the  donors  or  the  mis¬ 
sionaries  receiving  them  send  the  money  to  the 
Treasurer  of  the  Society,  to  be  placed  in  a 
special  account  and  duly  appropriated  and 
sent  to  the  field  for  the  object  designated. 
FIELD  GOVERNMENT  AND 
METHODS. 

I.  Executive  Control. 

a.  The  government  of  each  of  our  foreign 
mission  fields  is  committed  to  an  Executive 
Committee. 

b.  The  Executive  Committee  is  to  be  elected 
each  year  at  the  Annual  Conference  of  the 
missionaries  on  the  respective  fields. 

c.  The  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Com¬ 
mittee  is  to  be  nominated  by  the  Conference 
and  elected  by  the  Home  Board. 


20 


d.  The  Executive  Committee  is  to  be  com¬ 

posed  of  not  more  than  seven  (7)  and  not  less 
than  three  (3)  members,  according  to  the 
number  of  missionaries  on  each  field.  * 

e.  The  Chairman  of  each  Executive  Com¬ 
mittee  is  also  to  act  as  Treasurer,  and  is  to 
render  a  cjuarterly  account  of  all  receipts  and 
expenditures  to  the  Executive  Committee,  and 
also  an  annual  account  to  the  Conference  on 
the  field  to  be  audited  and  forwarded  to  the 
Home  Board. 

f.  The  Executive  Committee  is  to  meet 
every  three  months,  where  the  distances  are 
not  so  great  as  to  make  it  impracticable ;  other¬ 
wise  every  six  months. 

g.  The  Executive  Committee  shall  exercise 
full  authority  on  the  field,  and  be  directly  re¬ 
sponsible  to  the  Home  Board,  under  whose  au¬ 
thority  and  supervision  it  acts. 

h.  When,  at  any  time,  the  need  arises  to 
divide  any  of  the  fields,  the  Annual  Confer¬ 
ence  shall  accordingly  present  a  recommenda¬ 
tion  to  the  Home  Board,  giving  reasons  for 
such  proposal. 

i.  New  fields  shall  be  held  under  the  care 


21 


of  the  Home  Board  until  the  Mission  becomes 
established  and  ready  for  the  usual  form  of 
government. 

2.  Church  Government. 

As  the  Society  is  undenominational,  when 
a  missionary  is  located  in  charge  of  a  station, 
and  by  the  blessing  of  God  converts  are  gath¬ 
ered,  he  is  at  liberty  to  adopt  that  form  of 
church  government  which  he  believes  to  be  the 
most  scriptural.  But  a  church  having  been 
organized,  the  form  of  church  government 
must  not  be  changed  without  authorization. 
Those  succeeding  to  the  charge  of  a  station 
previously  occupied  must  continue  that  form 
of  organization  instituted  by  their  predeces¬ 
sors,  until  any  proposed  change  shall  have 
been  approved  by  the  Committee  on  the  field 
and  the  Board  at  home. 

One  object  of  the  Society  being  to  estab¬ 
lish  self  -  supporting  and  self  -  extending 
churches,  all  missionaries  must  ever  keep  this 
end  in  view.  Converts  should  be  stimulated 
and  encouraged  in  the  study  of  the  Word  of 
God ;  suitable  opportunities  should  be  afforded 
them  for  the  manifestation  of  spiritual  gifts; 


22 


and  they  should  be  encouraged  to  help  pecuni¬ 
arily,  according  to  their  ability,  in  the  work  of 
God.  Native  workers,  especially,  should  be 
afiforded  all  possible  help  and  encouragement; 
as  they  become  able  they  should  be  allowed  to 
bear  responsibility,  and  the  element  of  foreign 
teaching,  pastoral  care  and  supervision  of  the 
local  churches  gradually  withdrawn. 

3.  Arrangement,  Training  and  Location 
of  Missionaries. 

Missionaries  arriving  upon  the  field  shall  be 
received  by  the  Executive  Committee,  who 
shall  give  direction  to  their  work. 

Candidates  who  have  been  accepted  and  sent 
out  will,  during  the  first  two  years  on  the 
'  field,  be  considered  junior  missionaries,  and 
will  be  expected  to  pursue  a  definite  course  of 
study  and  to  pass  periodical  examinations  in 
the  language.  At  the  end  of  the  two  years, 
should  they  have  been  approved,  they  will  be 
recognized  as  senior  missionaries.  But  should 
they  have  proved  unstable,  or  unable  to  cope 
with  the  difficulties  of  the  language,  to  bear  the 
climate,  to  harmonize  with  their  brethren,  to 
adapt  themselves  to  the  natives,  or  should  they 


23 

otherwise  have  shown  themselves  unsuitable, 
the  Executive  Committee  and  Board  will  either 
prolong  the  probation  or  will  make  the  best 
arrangements  in  their  power  to  facilitate  their 
retiring. 

Junior  missionaries,  as  a  rule,  will  be  placed 
with  the  senior  missionaries  in  charge  of  sta¬ 
tions,  with  whom  they  will  reside,  and  under 
whose  direction  they  will  assist  in  the  work  as 
far  as  they  can.  Should  the  views  of  any 
junior  missionary  differ  from  those  of  the  mis¬ 
sionary  in  charge,  he  is  not  to  attempt  to  un¬ 
settle  the  minds  of  the  converts  and  native 
workers.  If  the  difference  of  view  be  such  as 
to  prevent  happy  fellowship,  the  Executive 
Committee  will,  when  requested,  endeavor  to 
arrange  for  his  residence  at  some  other  sta¬ 
tion  as  soon  as  circumstances  permit. 

Every  missionary  joining  the  Society  is  ac¬ 
cepted  on  the  understanding  that  he  will  give 
his  whole  time  and  strength  touts  work.  The 
terms  of  service  on  the  various  fields,  betw^een 
furloughs  home,  are  to  be  determined  by  the 
Board,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Ex¬ 
ecutive  Committees.  Where  climate,  sickness 


24 

or  other  difficulties  demand  immediate  action 
to  return  a  missionary,  the  Executive  Com¬ 
mittee  on  the  field  shall  decide  the  time. 

Missionaries  on  the  field  will  never  be  ap¬ 
pointed  to  permanent  spheres  of  labor  without 
their  cordial  concurrence.  When  such  spheres 
are  accepted,  the  missionaries  will  be  expected 
to  proceed  to  their  destinations  without  un¬ 
necessary  delay,  and  to  remain  at  their  posts, 
unless  circumstances  of  great  emergency  com¬ 
pel  them  to  leave.  Should  they  not  feel  happy 
in  their  work  they  must  inform  the  Executive 
Committee,  and  even  though  the  cause  be  ir¬ 
remediable,  they  must  still  be  prepared  to  re¬ 
main  for  six  months,  or  even  longer,  if  neces¬ 
sary,  until  suitable  arrangements  can  be  made 
for  carrying  on  the  work  without  them.  Pa¬ 
tient  perseverance  is  needed,  and  it  should  be 
borne  in  mind  that  difficulties  are  to  be  ex¬ 
pected  in  every  work.  The  lack  of  immediately 
visible  results  is  no  ground  for  abandoning  a 
work  begun  for  God. 

In-  every  case,  at  least  six  months’  notice 
must,  if  required,  be  given  by  missionaries  be¬ 
fore  leaving  their  work,  except  where  unex- 


25 

pected  and  alarming  illness  might  require  im¬ 
mediate  removal.  Should  illness  necessitate 
leaving  the  district,  the  sanction  of  the  Execu¬ 
tive  Committee  should  be  obtained;  and  if  it 
be  needful  to  leave  the  country,  a  medical  cer¬ 
tificate  should  also  be  procured. 

4.  Expenditure  and  Reports. 

The  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee 
on  the  field  is  responsible  to  his  Committee  and 
the  Home  Board  for  the  disbursement  of 
funds  remitted  to  him,  or  received  by  the  Mis¬ 
sion,  for  preparation  of  the  accounts  annually 
for  audit,  and  transmission  of  the  same  to  the 
Home  Board  for  inspection  and  inclusion  in 
the  Annual  Report  of  the  Society. 

Missionaries  in  charge  of  schools,  stations 
or  other  branches  of  work  are  answerable  to 
the  Executive  Committee  for  the  disbursement 
of  all  moneys  entrusted  to  them  for  the  work, 
and  for  the  preparation  of  quarterly  accounts 
to  be  forwarded  to  the  Executive  Committee 
for  approval. 

5.  Retirement  and  Dismissal. 

A  missionary  desiring  to  resign  his  official 
connection  with  the  Society  must  give  six 


26 


months’  notice  to  the  Executive  Committee, 
who  will  take  whatever  steps  may  be  called  for 
in  the  case. 

Any  missionary  leaving  the  work  of  the  So¬ 
ciety  before  the  end  of  the  second  year  of 
residence  on  the  field  shall  be  required  to  re¬ 
fund  in  full  all  sums  expended  toward  his  or 
her  outfit  and  transportation;  if  during  the 
third  year,  three-quarters  of  the  total  amount ; 
if  during  the  fourth  year,  one-half;  if  during 
the  fifth  year,  one  quarter. 

Any  missionary  leaving  the  field  during  the 
first  five  years  for  the  purpose  of  marriage, 
trade  or  salaried  employment  shall,  in  addition 
to  the  above,  be  required  to  refund  the  amount 
of  money  received  for  support  from  the  time 
of  arrival  on  the  field,  in  the  same  ratio  as 
already  stated'  for  outfit  and  transportation 
amounts. 

Any  missionary  leaving  the  Mission  will  be 
required  to  transfer  all  moneys  received  by 
him  for  the  work  and  all  properties  in  his 
charge  into  the  hands  of  the  person  appointed 
to  receive  them. 

Should  any  occasion  of  sufficient  gravity 


27 

arise,  the  Executive  Committee  shall  have  the 
power  of  suspending  or  removing  any  mem¬ 
ber  of  the  Mission,  in  which  case  they  would, 
of  course,  act  with  all  possible  consideration 
and  subject  to  the  ratification  of  the  Board. 

6.  Mission  Premises. 

The  Board  cannot  be  responsible  for  any 
expenditure  not  authorized  by  it  nor  for  any 
outlay  of  personal  funds  on  Mission  property. 

For  the  effective  carrying  on  of  localized 
missionary  work.  Mission  premises  are,  of 
course,  recjuired,  and  these  are  usually 
obtained  by  deeds  of  rental,  mortgage,  or  pur¬ 
chase  of  property  or  by  securing  sites  and 
erecting  buildings  thereon.  The  funds  required 
for  such  purposes  may  be  supplied  in  whole 
or  in  part  from  the  special  funds  of  the  So¬ 
ciety.  The  missionaries  may,  if  they  wish, 
use  their  own  money  or  contributions  from 
their  friends  for  securing,  improving  or  build¬ 
ing  such  premises.  It  is  clearly  to  be  under¬ 
stood,  however,  that  all  such  premises,  howso¬ 
ever  they  may  have  been  provided  for,  are  to 
be  considered  to  belong  to  the  Society,  that  is, 
the  Society,  and  not  the  individual  missionary. 


28 


is  to  be  regarded  as  the  tenant,  mortgagee  or 
owner,  as  the  case  may  be;  and  the  funds  so 
used  are  to  be  regarded  as  donations  to  the 
Society. 

Where  new  buildings  are  to  be  erected,  or 
extensive  alterations  made  in  those  already  ex¬ 
isting,  whether  with  private  or  Mission  funds, 
the  plans,  character  and  estimate  of  cost  of 
the  proposed  building  or  alterations  are  first 
to  be  submitted  to  and  approved  by  the  liixecu- 
tive  Committee,  before  such  work  may  be 
commenced. 

7.  Native  Workers. 

The  engagement,  direction  and  dismissal  of 
all  native  workers,  even  in  cases  where  these 
are  supported  by  special  funds  or  at  the  ex¬ 
pense  of  the  missionaries  themselves,  must  be 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Executive  Com¬ 
mittee.  All  native  workers  should  be  consid-  { 
erately  dealt  with,  and  should  not  be  lightly  | 
dismissed  or  summarily  treated.  Should  any  I 
difficulty  which  may  arise  be  from  want  of  ; 
happy  relation  and  co-operation  rather  than  on 
account  of  some  offense  or  misdemeanor  of 
intrinsic  gravity,  the  Executive  Committee 


29 


should  afford  opportunity,  if  possible,  for  a 
change  of  location,  with  the  hope  of  thus  over¬ 
coming  the  difficulty. 

8.  Betrothal  and  Marriage. 

The  weighty  bearings  of  these  questions  on 
missionary  work  render  special  caution  neces¬ 
sary  on  the  part  of  all  concerned.  Married 
candidates  will  be  accepted  and  sent  out  only 
after  careful  consideration  of  the  suitability 
of  both  husband  and  wife. 

Candidates  if  engaged  to  be  married  are  ex¬ 
pected  candidly  to  state  the  fact,  and  they 
will  be  accepted  only  when  both  parties  have 
been  approved.  Owing  to  climatic  difficulties, 
unmarried  candidates  of  either  sex,  whether 
already  engaged  to  be  married  or  otherwise, 
will  be  expected  to  defer  marriage  until  the 
completion  of  two  years  from  the  date  of  the 
arrival  of  the  one  who  last  reaches  the  field, 
and  the  successful  passing  by  both  parties  of 
such  examinations  in  the  language  as  are  pre¬ 
scribed  for  that  period  by  the  field  concerned. 

In  case  of  departure  from  this  rule,  they  will 
be  required  to  retire  and  to  make  the  refund 
required  by  Section  5  (Retirement  and  Dis- 


30 

missal),  page  25,  unless  consent  to  such  earlier 
marriage  has  been  previously  obtained  from 
the  Board  on  recommendation  of  the  Execu¬ 
tive  Committee  on  the  field. 

Accepted  candidates  and  missionaries  not 
engaged  are  earnestly  recommended  to  be  most 
tboughtful  and  careful  before  committing 
themselves  to  an  engagement.  Inasmuch  as 
the  Board  sends  to  the  field  only  such  per¬ 
sons  as  in  its  judgment  possess  the  requisite 
qualifications,  it  may  feel  compelled  in  the 
event  of  an  unsuitable  engagement  or  marriage 
to  advise  retirement  from  the  Society,  and  in 
case  of  non-compliance  to  exercise  its  power 
of  dismissal. 

REGULATIONS  CONCERNING  DIS¬ 
ABLED  AND  RETIRED 
MISSIONARIES. 

The  following  regulations  were  drawn  up 
by  a  Special  Committee  appointed  by  the  An¬ 
nual  Council  of  1915,  were  approved  by  the 
Board  of  Managers,  and  were  finally  adopted 
by  the  Annual  Council  of  1916,  to  go  into 
effect  forthwith ; 

I.  That  missionaries  who  have  served  the 


31 


Society  for  at  least  one  full  term,  as  ordinarily 
recognized  on  the  various  fields,  and  who  have 
become  disabled  for  service,  shall,  upon  the 
recommendation  of  the  Executive  Committee 
on  the  field  ratified  by  the  Home  Board,  be 
eligible  to  the  regular  allowances  for  mission¬ 
aries  on  furlough  so  long  as  they  continue  dis¬ 
abled,  provided  they  remain  in  full  fellowship 
with  the  Society  and  have  no  other  reasonable 
means  of  support. 

2.  That  missionaries  who  have  served  on  the 
field  for  less  than  a  full  term,  and  who  have 
been  disabled  for  service,  shall  be  dealt  with 
by  the  Home  Board,  in  consultation  with  the 
Executive  Committee  on  the  field,  on  the 
respective  merits  of  each  case. 

3.  That  missionaries  who  have  served  the 
Society  for  twenty-five  (25)  years  or  more, 
may,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Execu¬ 
tive  Committee  on  the  field  ratified  by  the 
Home  Board,  retire  upon  the  regular  allow¬ 
ances  for  missionaries  on  furlough,  provided 
they  remain  in  full  fellowship  with  the  So¬ 
ciety  and  have  no  other  reasonable  means  of 
support. 


32 

4-  That  missionary  widows,  unable  to  con¬ 
tinue  in  the  active  service  of  the  Society  on 
account  of  the  care  of  their  children,  shall  be 
eligible  to  the  same  provision  as  for  retired 
missionaries,  subject  to  the  same  conditions  as 
aforementioned. 

5.  That  children  of  retired  missionaries 
shall  be  eligible  to  the  same  provision  as  chil¬ 
dren  of  missionaries  in  active  service. 


